Introduction
False widow spiders are a group of spiders that are often mistaken for the more dangerous black widow spider. While false widows are not as venomous as black widows, they can still deliver a painful bite. It is important to be able to identify a false widow spider to avoid any potential encounters or bites. In this article, we will discuss how to identify a false widow spider and distinguish it from other spiders.
Physical Characteristics
1. Size and Color
False widow spiders are medium-sized spiders ranging from 1/2 to 3/4 inches in body length. They have a bulbous abdomen and a shiny, dark brown color, sometimes with cream-colored markings on their body. Their legs may also have a slight reddish tint.
2. Shape and Markings
False widow spiders have a distinctive look with a round abdomen and a smaller cephalothorax (head and thorax combined). They also have a pattern of cream or light-colored markings on their abdomen that may resemble a skull or a violin shape.
Habitat and Behavior
1. Web Structure
False widow spiders build irregular, tangled webs that are often found in secluded areas such as sheds, garages, woodpiles, and garden furniture. Their webs are not as organized as those of other spider species.
2. Nocturnal Behavior
False widow spiders are nocturnal creatures, meaning they are most active at night and rest during the day. They prefer dark, undisturbed areas to build their webs and hunt for prey.
Geographic Distribution
1. Native Range
False widow spiders are native to Madeira and the Canary Islands, but they have also been introduced to other parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and Australia.
2. Spread in the UK
In recent years, false widow spiders have become more common in the United Kingdom. They are typically found in southern England and Wales, but sightings have been reported in other parts of the country as well.
Distinguishing False Widow Spiders from Black Widows
1. Venom Potency
While both false widow and black widow spiders are venomous, black widows have a more potent venom that can cause severe symptoms in humans. False widow bites are less dangerous and usually result in localized pain and swelling.
2. Physical Appearance
Black widow spiders are shiny black with a distinctive red hourglass-shaped marking on their abdomen. They also have a larger abdomen compared to their cephalothorax. In contrast, false widow spiders are brown with cream-colored markings and a smaller abdomen.
What To Do If You Encounter a False Widow Spider
1. Remain Calm
If you come across a false widow spider, do not panic. These spiders are not aggressive and will only bite if provoked or threatened.
2. Avoid Provoking the Spider
Do not try to handle or disturb the spider. False widow spiders are generally shy and will retreat if given the chance.
3. Remove the Spider
If the spider is in your home and you’re uncomfortable with its presence, you can gently capture it using a glass and paper and release it outside.
Conclusion
Identifying a false widow spider is essential for staying safe and avoiding unnecessary encounters. By familiarizing yourself with their physical characteristics, habitat, and behavior, you can distinguish false widow spiders from other spider species and take appropriate precautions if you come across one. Remember, false widow spiders are not as dangerous as black widows, but it is still best to exercise caution and refrain from handling them.
