Understanding Parallel Structure
Parallel structure is a writing and grammar concept that refers to the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. This repetition is crucial for maintaining clarity and consistency in writing. When using parallel structure, the writer creates a rhythm and balance within the sentence, making it easier for the reader to understand the relationship between different parts of the sentence.
Parallel structure is commonly used in lists, comparisons, and other sentence structures to make writing more coherent and cohesive.
Examples of Parallel Structure
Here are some examples of parallel structure:
- Not Parallel: Mary likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bicycle.
- Parallel: Mary likes hiking, swimming, and riding a bicycle.
- Not Parallel: The committee will consider the applicants’ credentials, work ethic, and their communication skills.
- Parallel: The committee will consider the applicants’ credentials, work ethic, and communication skills.
As shown in the examples above, parallel structure involves keeping the format consistent within a sentence. In the first example, the use of “to ride” breaks the parallel structure, while in the second example, “their” disrupts the parallelism.
Importance of Parallel Structure
Parallel structure is important for several reasons:
- Clarity: Parallel structure helps to make a sentence easier to understand by creating a pattern that the reader can follow.
- Emphasis: It allows writers to emphasize the relationship between different parts of a sentence.
- Consistency: It ensures that all items in a list or series are presented in a consistent manner.
- Professionalism: Using parallel structure demonstrates a level of proficiency in writing and grammar.
Common Mistakes in Parallel Structure
Despite the importance of parallel structure, it is common for writers to make mistakes when attempting to use it. Here are some common mistakes:
- Mixed Verb Tenses: Mixing verb tenses within a sentence can disrupt parallel structure.
- Inconsistent Use of Parts of Speech: Using different parts of speech in a series can lead to lack of parallelism.
- Incorrect Punctuation: Incorrect use of punctuation, such as the misuse of commas, can affect parallel structure.
Understanding these common mistakes can help writers identify and correct issues with parallel structure in their writing.
Practice Exercise: Identifying Parallel Structure
Let’s take a look at some sentences and determine which ones use parallel structure correctly:
- She enjoys hiking in the mountains, swimming in the ocean, and to dance in the rain.
- They were asked to work swiftly, responsibly, and efficiently.
- The new employee is expected to be punctual, have a strong work ethic, and their communication skills should be effective.
From the sentences above, it is clear that sentence 2 uses parallel structure correctly, while sentences 1 and 3 do not. Sentence 1 contains the non-parallel “and to dance,” and sentence 3 includes the non-parallel “and their.”
Conclusion
Parallel structure is a fundamental aspect of writing that adds clarity and coherence to sentences. By understanding the concept and avoiding common mistakes, writers can improve the quality of their writing and effectively communicate their ideas.
